Tencel, Lyocell & Modal Guide
Lyocell and modal are manufactured cellulose fibres made from plant pulp, usually wood. Tencel is a trademark used by Lenzing for selected lyocell and modal fibres produced under its standards.
How the fibres are made
Wood cellulose is dissolved and then formed into new filaments. Lyocell production commonly uses a solvent-spinning process designed to recover a high proportion of the solvent. Modal is related to viscose and is often selected for softness and colour retention.
Clothing benefits
- Soft handle: suitable for shirts, underwear, jersey tops and linings.
- Moisture management: regenerated cellulose fibres absorb moisture and can feel comfortable in warm conditions.
- Drape: the fibres produce smooth fabrics that hang neatly.
- Blending: lyocell and modal are often mixed with cotton, wool or elastane to adjust softness, strength and stretch.
Natural or synthetic?
These fibres originate from natural cellulose but require industrial processing, so they are normally classed as regenerated or manufactured cellulose fibres. Their environmental impact depends on the wood source, chemical recovery, energy supply and wastewater management.
Livingston stock
Fibre compositions change by style and season. Current products are more strongly represented by bamboo-derived viscose socks and underwear. When a product contains lyocell, modal or branded Tencel fibre, the percentage should be shown in its product composition.
Care
Use a cool or moderate wash and avoid high tumble-drying temperatures. Some lyocell fabrics can stiffen temporarily when wet but soften again as they dry. Always follow the care label, particularly for blended tailored garments.
Return to the Plant-Derived Cellulose Fibres Guide or the Fabric & Materials Guide.